Crown of Thorns

Crown of Thorns

Euphorbia milii

Thick, gray, spiny stems with a few bright leaves and red, pink or yellow blooms at the tips. Known for flowering most of the year on little water.

Foe

2.4/5

how easy it is to care for

2.6/5

how much it stands out visually

: Full sun

6+ hours of direct sun at a south or west window

It wants your sunniest window, south or west, with 6+ hours of direct sun; the more sun, the more blooms. In part shade it carries on but flowers less, and a lamp left on late at night can hold the blooms back too.

The more sun, the more flowers. In a dimmer spot it survives, but it flowers less, gets leggy and stays wet longer, which invites rot.

It needs dark nights, too: UW–Madison Extension finds that poor flowering usually comes from too much light at night, so a lamp left on late in that room can stop the blooms.

: Monthly

Every 10-14 days in summer, every 2-4 weeks in winter

Soak it every 10-14 days in summer and every 2-4 weeks in winter, letting the mix dry all the way between. Three dry weeks barely faze it; cold, soggy soil is what rots it.

Water until it runs out the bottom, empty the saucer, and let the soil dry out between soaks, which takes 10-14 days in a sunny window. Water less often in winter, when it’s cooler: wet, cold soil is what kills it.

Gone for a while? Three weeks is fine if it’s watered the day you leave; it’s built for dry spells.

: Medium

A slow, spiny shrub, 1-2 feet tall

Spiny stems branch at odd angles into a dense shrub 1-2 feet tall indoors, with the leaves and blooms clustered at their tips. It takes its time getting there: the RHS gives it 10-20 years to mature.

Growth is slow. An older plant can get scraggly: in spring or summer, cut a stem back to a bud and it branches there. Use a knife rather than shears, since the sap gums up blades, and wear gloves.

: Mildly irritating

Chewing may upset pets or kids; sap can hurt skin and eyes
  • DogsMildly irritating
  • CatsMildly irritating
  • KidsMildly irritating

Mildly irritating: chewed, the milky sap may upset the mouth and stomach of dogs and cats (Pet Poison Helpline) and kids (UC ANR). It can irritate skin and hurt eyes, so gloves help when you prune.

The milky sap irritates skin and can badly hurt eyes, so wear gloves and keep it out of eyes when cutting

Pet Poison Helpline rates it mild: drooling, loss of appetite, vomiting, or diarrhea, and minor irritation if the sap gets on skin or in the eyes.

For people, the sap is the real hazard. Chewed, it can blister the lips and mouth, and NC State Extension warns that in the eye it can damage the cornea, sometimes permanently. Keep it out of kids’ reach, wear gloves when you cut it, and wash your hands before you touch your face.

  1. ASPCA: mild for dogs.
  2. Pet Poison Helpline: mild for dogs.
  3. ASPCA: mild for cats.
  4. Pet Poison Helpline: mild for cats.
  5. NC State Extension: mild for kids.

Cats and dogs: Most of the leading sources agree.

Kids: No poison-centre listing; rated from university extension sources. The extension signs beyond the gut are qualified, so they don’t count.

: Dry OK

Room temperature and bone-dry winter air both suit it

Comfortable at 50-80°F, and humidity as low as 10% is no bother to this Madagascar succulent. It rides out a chill to about 35°F (NC State), though not frost, and cold does the most harm when the soil is wet.

Temperature
50-80°F
Humidity
10%+

: Mealybugs, scale

Few pests; look for white tufts where leaves meet stems

NC State lists no serious pests, though mealybugs turn up most often, like tufts of white cotton on the stems and where leaves join them. Scale, small brown bumps stuck to the plant, shows up now and then.

  • Mealybugs
  • Scale

Few. NC State lists no serious pests or diseases; mealybugs turn up most often, and rot comes from too much water.

Mealybugs look like tufts of white cotton on the stems and where the leaves meet them. Dab each one with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol (wear gloves around the spines), then check again next week.

Spider mites, scale, and thrips turn up now and then: fine webbing, small brown bumps, or a silvery, speckled look on the leaves. Spray the plant with water in the sink, then insecticidal soap if they come back.

Rot shows as stems going soft and dark at the base, or leaf spots after the plant stays wet. Let the pot dry right out, water less often, and cut off anything soft.

: More

Monthly turns and summer feeds; gloves on to prune

Give it a quarter turn toward the window each month and a light feed in spring and summer, and sweep up dropped leaves and bracts now and then. Gloves go on to prune once a year and to repot about every 2 years.

  • Feeding spring-summer6× a year
  • Quarter-turn toward window12× a year
  • Sweep dropped leaves and bracts4× a year
  • Prune with gloves (irritant sap)1× a year
  • Repot with glovesevery 2 years

A cactus mix with extra perlite or grit, in a pot with a drainage hole. A clay pot helps the soil dry out between soaks.

Repot only when it outgrows its pot, in spring or summer while it’s growing. Wrap the stems in a folded towel to handle it, since the spines are sharp.

Food is optional: a balanced fertilizer, lightly, in spring and summer. Too much gives soft, fast growth and fewer flowers.

: Showy

Red, pink, or yellow bracts on thick, gray, spiny stems

Red, pink, or yellow bracts, colored leaves around tiny green flowers, top its thick, gray, spiny stems from late winter into fall. A few small, satiny leaves cluster at the tips, with soil showing between the stems.

Crown of Thorns, the leaf up close

Where to find me

Not at PILF places

PILF Plant Facts

Crown of Thorns · Size indoors Medium, 1.5 to 3 feet tall or wide

Tap a row to see where all 100 plants fall.

2.4/5how easy it is to care for
2.6/5how much it stands out visually
Mildly irritatingwhat risks exist for pets and kids
  • DogsMildly irritating
  • CatsMildly irritating
  • KidsMildly irritating

Fun fact

Its latex is a strong snail-killer, studied as a natural molluscicide for controlling schistosomiasis.

Designer tips

Sculptural and a little wild: spiny gray stems and bright blooms that suit a sunny sill and a plain, modern pot.

The seasonFlowers most of the year on a sunny sillRed, pink, or yellow blooms at the tips of spiny stems come from late winter onward, so it keeps color going on a south or west sill longer than most.
The textureSets its spines and soft blooms against smooth clayGray, spiny stems under soft, bright blooms are a contrast in one plant, and a smooth, plain pot keeps it from looking busy. Put it where nobody brushes past; the spines and sap are mildly irritating.

Troubleshooting

It’s dropping its leaves

Most likely stress from a dry spell or a heat wave. It can drop every leaf and still leaf out again on new growth, and some drop before its winter rest is normal; a soak every 10-14 days in summer usually keeps it steadier.

Why isn’t it flowering?

Usually too little sun by day or too much light at night: it sets flowers with sun on its leaves and real darkness after, so a lamp left on late in that room can stop it. Too much fertilizer also means leaves over flowers.

The stems are going soft and dark at the base

That’s likely rot, from soil that stayed wet. Cut off anything soft and let the pot dry right out; if the base is gone, a healthy tip, dried for 2-3 days, can root in barely damp cactus mix in 5-8 weeks.

See all 9
My dog chewed a stem

Expect some drooling, maybe vomiting or diarrhea: it’s mildly irritating, per Pet Poison Helpline. If the vomiting keeps up or your dog seems unwell, call your vet or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center.

I got sap on my skin

Wash it off with soap and water, since the sap can irritate skin. In an eye it’s more serious, as NC State warns it can injure the cornea: rinse the eye with running water and call Poison Control.

Can I cut it back once it’s scraggly?

Yes, in spring or summer: cut a stem back to a bud and it branches there. Use a knife rather than shears, since the sap gums up blades, wear gloves, and root the tips if you’d like more plants.

I’m going away for three weeks

It’s built for dry spells, so three weeks is fine if you water it the day you leave.

Are the colored petals its flowers?

Not quite: they’re bracts, colored leaves around the tiny green flowers in the middle. It keeps making them from late winter well into fall.

Can it go outside for the summer?

Yes, and it likes it: full sun on a deck or balcony, where rain can’t keep the pot soggy. Bring it in before fall nights drop below 50°F, and check it for bugs first.

Propagation

Yes, from stem tips, in spring or summer.

  1. Wearing gloves, cut a tip 3 to 6 inches long, dip the cut end in cold water to stop the sap, and let it dry for 2 to 3 days.
  2. Then set it in a pot of barely damp cactus mix in a warm spot.
  3. It roots in 5-8 weeks.

The PILF Matrix

2.4/5

how easy it is to care for

2.6/5

how much it stands out visually

PRESENCE EASE

See the full PILF Matrix →

FoeThe ones that are hard to keep, easy to forget.

“The one that flowers like a gift and wraps it in thorns.”

More like it

Check your light

Which way does the window face?

Afternoon sun comes in? That’s west.